建立江河源头生态补偿机制的环境经济学解释与政策启示

An Environmental Economics Explanation of River Source Ecological Compensation Mechanism and Related Policy Enlightenment

我国大多数河流的源头地区常常是经济相对贫困的地区,同时也是以水源涵养为特征的重要生态功能区。保护建设好江河源头生态环境意义重大,而建立相应的生态补偿机制是保护建设好源区生态环境、促进流域上、下游和谐发展的重要保证。论述了建立江河源头生态补偿机制的环境经济学基础,根据环境经济学的效率准则(Pareto efficiency criterion)和科斯定律(Coase Theorem)建立了我国江河源头生态补偿机制的解释模型。在此基础上,提出了相关政策建议。

Most of the river source areas in China are poor regions, but simultaneously have important ecological function characteristic of fresh water conservation. Therefore,it is important to soundly preserve the ecology and environment of the river source areas, while successfully establishing appropri- ate ecological compensation mechanism is necessary to guarantee the effective preservation of ecology and environment in these source areas and promoting the harmonious development of the whole river catchments. The environmental economics foundation of establishing ecological compensation mechanism in river source areas is expounded and proved, and an explaining model is established based on the famous Pareto efficiency criterion and Coase Theorem of environmental economics. Finally relevant policies are suggested.