基于自发自收测距的GEO卫星精密定轨

Analysis of GEO Satellite Precise Orbit Determination Based on Self-Sending and Self-Receiving Ranging Data

对于基于伪距测量模式的GEO卫星定轨,需要星地时间同步和站间时间同步的支持,因此卫星钟差和接收机钟差的精度直接制约了GEO卫星的定轨精度。自发自收式测距的观测数据并不含有卫星钟差和接收机钟差信息,定轨解算中避免了钟差精度带来的影响,可以实现GEO卫星的精密定轨。此处采用GEO卫星的自发自收式测距数据进行精密定轨试验,分析和讨论了基于自发自收式测距的GEO卫星精密定轨策略,提出了卫星轨控后轨道快速恢复的定轨策略。试验结果表明:轨道的内符R方向精度为1.615 m,位置精度为11.642 m,定轨残差为0.279 m;轨道恢复1 h后的定轨位置精度优于60 m,恢复6 h后的定轨位置精度优于15 m,定轨残差在0.15 m左右。

Satellite-to-site time synchronization and site-to-site time synchronization were required in the GEO satellite orbit determination based on pseudo-range observation. So precision of satellite clock bias and receiver clock bias determined the precision of GEO satellite orbit determination. Self-sending and sel{-receiving ranging data did not include satellite clock bias and receiver clock bias, so effects of bias precision were avoided, which could realize GEO satellite precise orbit determination. This paper adopted self-sending and self-receiving ranging data, analysed and discussed orbit determination strategy of GEO satellite, brought forward orbit determination strategy during the period of orbit quick recovery. Test results showed that： radical inner according precision was 1. 615 m and position inner according precision was 11. 642 m, and the residual was 0. 279 m; during the period of satellite maneuver and recovery, orbit position inner according precision was better than 60 m after i h, orbit position inner according precision was better than 15 m after 6 h, and the residuals were around 0.15 m.