用微卫星标记分析四品系(群)矮脚鸡的遗传多样性

Genetic Diversity of Four Dwarf Chicken Strains(Clusters) by Using Microsatellite Marker

采用10个微卫星座位对100日龄兴义矮脚黄羽、麻羽、黑羽和矮脚黄鸡四品系矮脚鸡（各50只）遗传多样性进行研究，结果表明：四品系（群）矮脚鸡在10个微卫星座位上共检测到71个等位基因，各座位上等位基因数为5～10个，平均为7．100个。兴义矮脚鸡各群体杂合度较大（在5．2～5．4），矮脚黄鸡群体杂合度较小（为0．3612）。10对引物在四品系矮脚鸡中的平均多态信息含量在0．52765～0．82428，说明四品系（群）矮脚鸡均有丰富的遗传多样性。兴义矮脚鸡各群体与矮脚黄鸡群体间的遗传距离都较远，表明它们品系遗传特征相差均较大，有各自不同的遗传背景。

10 microsatellite loci were used to study the genetic diversities of Xingyi yellow chicken, spotted-brown chicken, black dwarf chicken and yellow dwarf chicken with 50 head of each and 100 day- old. The results showed that 71 alleles were detected at 10 microsatellite loci among four chicken strains （clusters）. There were 5-10 alleles at every locus, average was 7. 100. The heterozygosity of all Xingyi strains （5.2-5.4） was bigger than that of yellow dwarf chicken （0. 361 2）. The polymorphism information content of four strains（clusters）at 10 loci was between 0. 527 65 to 0. 824 28, there were abundant genetic diversities in all the four strains （clusters）. The genetic distance between all Xingyi strains and yellow dwarf chicken was far. It indicated that their hereditary feature were different, since they had different genetic background.