风沙半干旱区旱地玉米提高降水生产效率的栽培技术研究

Cultivation Technology for Increasing Rainfall Productivity of Dryland Corn in Sandstorm Semi-arid Region

研究垄膜沟种微集雨和全地面平铺覆膜栽培技术对提高旱地玉米天然降水利用率的影响。结果表明,田间沟垄微集雨结合覆盖有效地利用了垄膜的集雨和沟覆盖的蓄水保墒功能,改变了降雨的时空分布,使降雨集中在沟内,明显提高了降雨的利用率,特别是5mm左右微小降雨的利用率。全地面平铺覆盖栽培最大限度降低了土壤水分的无效蒸发,达到保墒的目的。田间沟垄微集雨技术和全地面平铺覆盖栽培技术能增加玉米产量,提高降水利用率。

For improving of the rainfall use efficiency of dryland corn and achieving the goal of increasing the yield of corn further, a set of technology of ridge film mulching and furrow seeding and whole flat covering of dryland corn is designed. The on-field ridge and furrow rainwater harvesting and mulching combination system is built by shaping the soil surface with alternate ridges and furrows along the contour. The plastic-covered ridges serve as a rainfall harvesting zone and furrows as a planting zone. This system can significantly improve rainwater use efficiency by concentrate rainwater into the furrows through the plastic-covered ridge and particularly can make better utilization of 5□ small rain, and change the rainfall space and time distribution. Some materials are used to mulch the furrows to reduce soil evaporation. The whole fiat covering cultivation can minimize the soil moisture invalid evaporation, achieving purpose of preserving soil moisture. The results indicate that the technology of ridge film mulching and furrow seeding and the whole fiat covering can increase grain yields, and enhance the rainfall productivity.