让合作以道德的方式进行——交往伦理学视域下的合作学习研究

Making Cooperation Go in Moral Way

用交往伦理学的观点来说,合作是一种以相互理解为基础的交往行为。发生在合作学习过程中的交往并非都是合乎道德的有效的合作。其中,主体之间的控制式交往是一种不平等的合作,主体之间的表演式交往则是一种虚假的合作。依据英国教育哲学家R.S.彼得斯的观点,判断合作学习是否合乎道德的标准应是以合乎道德的方式向学生传授有价值的东西,这一应用于教学领域的道德标准同样也适用于合作学习这一特定的教学方式。

From the perspective of communicative ethics, cooperation is a kind of communicative action based on mutual understanding. Not all communications that occur in the process of cooperative learning are moral and effective cooperation. Among them, the control-oriented communication among subjects is a kind of unfair cooperation; the performance-oriented communication is a kind of illusive cooperation. So, what is the standard to judge which cooperative learning conforms to the moral？ According to an English educational philosopher R·S·Peters＇ view： The standard is to teach students valuable knowledge in moral way. The moral standard can be used not only in teaching field but also in cooperative learning that is a specific teaching method.