基于灰色关联的航运产业集群竞争力评价与应用

Evaluation and Application on Shipping Industry Cluster's Competitiveness Using Gray Relational Theory

航运业作为服务业的一部分,在经济发展中将占据重要的地位.本文将产业集群理论运用于航运产业,提出了航运产业集群的概念模型,建立了基于灰色关联的航运产业集群竞争力评价指标体系与模型,对纽约、伦敦、鹿特丹、香港、新加坡和上海等世界著名航运中心的航运产业集群的竞争力进行了评价和比较的应用研究.基于实证的研究结果表明,航运产业集群竞争力是衡量国际航运中心服务环境的一项重要指标;灰色关联度模型对航运产业集群竞争力评价十分有效,关联度的大小反映了竞争力程度,对促进国际航运中心服务环境建设有重要借鉴意义.

As a part of the service sector, shipping industry makes considerable contribution to the national e- conomy development. This paper introduces industry cluster theory to shipping industry, puts forward a concept model of shipping industry cluster, and establishes an evaluation index system for competitiveness of shipping in- dustry cluster with gray relational theory. Furthermore, applications have been made to the world＇ s famous ship- ping center, such as the international shipping center of New York, London, Rotterdam, Hong Kong, Singapore, and Shanghai. The empirical results show that the competitiveness of the shipping industry cluster is an important measure indicator for the service environment of international shipping centers. And the gray relational degree model is effective to evaluate competitiveness of shipping industry duster because the size of gray relational degree directly reflects the degree of competitiveness, which is helpful to improve the service=environment of an interna- tional shipping center.