特定微环境下诱导脐血间充质干细胞向神经细胞的分化

In vitro differentiation of human umbilical cord blood mesenchymai stem cells into neural cells

目的在体外分离培养人脐血间充质干细胞（marrow mesenchymal stem cells，MSCs），探讨脐血间充质干细胞体外培养生长特性及向神经细胞分化的诱导条件。方法在体外将脐血MSCs进行向神经细胞的定向诱导，观察脐血MSCs的形态变化，并在诱导后第5天用免疫荧光染色检测脐血MSCs中神经元细胞特异性的标志物；并与单纯低糖DMEM培养基培养的对照组脐血MSCs相比较。结果诱导组中的脐血MSCs生长伸展，形成突起，呈放射状，并可互相形成连接，免疫荧光显示特异性烯醇化酶（neuron-specific enolase，NSE）阳性，表现出神经元细胞的特性。而对照组中的脐血MSCs未形成神经样形态结构，免疫荧光NSE阴性。结论脐血MSCs可在体外经化学方法定向诱导分化为神经细胞，可应用于神经修复及再生等领域。

Objective To isolated and culture vitro human umbilical cord blood mesenchymal stem cells （MSCs） in vitro and observe the growth characteristics and the nerve cell differentiation induced conditions of umbilical cord blood mesenchymal stem cells in vitro. Methods Umbilical cord blood MSCs were induced into nerve ceils ,and the morphological changes of MSCs were observed in vitro. At the 5th day when umbilical cord blood MSCs were induced, neuronal cell-specific marker was assayed by immunofluorescence staining; and the control group cultured with low sugar DMEM medium were compared. Results Umbilical cord blood MSCs in the induced group grew and spreaded, Racial dendrite had formed and connected with each other. NSE immunoreactive positive ceils were found in this group, the characteristics of neurons were shown. But in the control group MSCs did not express this neuron morphological character;and the result of NSE immunofluorescence was negative. Conclusion The umbilical cord blood MSCs may be induced to differentiate into neural cells by chemical methods directed in vitro,which can be used in nerve repairment and regeneration and other fields.