程序性死亡受体-1在慢性病毒性肝炎中的作用

Programmed death 1 and viral liver diseases

程序性死亡受体-1(PD-1)是用消减杂交技术从发生程序性死亡的T细胞株中分离得到的一种跨膜蛋白,是一种负向协同刺激分子。PD-1是活化T细胞表面的一种抑制性受体,与病毒特异性CD8+T细胞的功能耗竭有着密切关系。在乙型肝炎病毒和丙型肝炎病毒慢性感染过程中PD-1表达增强,阻断PD-1信号通路可以使耗竭的CD8+T细胞恢复免疫效应功能,有助于病毒清除,本文就PD-1与病毒性肝炎的关系及其在治疗中应用的前景作一综述。

Programmed death 1 （PD-1） is a transmembrane protein which was isolated from T cell by subtractive hybridization. PD-1 is an inhibitory receptor on the activated T cells and correlated with the exhausted function of virus-specific CD8 ^＋ T cells. Recent studies have identified that PD-1 is increased in the chronic processes of hepatitis B virus （HBV） and hepatitis C virus （HCV） infection. Blockage of PD-1 signal pathway may restore the immunological function of CD8 ^＋ T cell, which will benefit for virus clearance. In this review, we summarized the relationship of PD-1 with viral hepatitis and its potential as a treatment target.