Polycomb group(PcG)蛋白复合体

Polycomb group protein complexes

Polycomb group(PcG)蛋白是一组通过染色质修饰调控靶基因的转录抑制子,从生化和功能上它可以分成两个主要的核心蛋白复合体PRC1(Polycomb repressive complex 1)和PRC2(Polycomb repressive complex 2)。研究发现PcG蛋白不仅控制个体正确的发育模式,而且与细胞的增殖、分化和肿瘤发生有关。文章就PcG蛋白的组成、作用机制及功能进行综述,并对PcG未来的研究方向进行展望。

The transcriptional repressors of the polycomb group （PcG） proteins regulate the targeted genes expression through chromatin modifications. They can be separated biochemically and functionally into two major core multiprotein complexes： PRC1 （Polycomb repressive complex 1） and PRC2 （Polycomb repressive complex 2）. Studies revealed that PcG proteins were not only crucial for correct execution of developmental programs but also involved in the regulation of cell proliferation, differentiation, and tumorigenesis. This paper summarizes the components of PcG proteins complexes, its silencing mechanisms and biological functions, and discusses the study of PcG proteins in future.