秦川牛脂联素基因SNPs检测及其与胴体、肉质性状的相关性

SNPs detection of adiponectin gene and its relationship with carcass and meat quality traits in Qinchuan cattle

利用PCR-SSCP结合测序技术对405头24月龄秦川牛脂联素基因SNPs位点进行检测,运用SPSS统计程序中的GLM模型将检测到的SNPs位点与部分胴体及肉质性状的相关性进行了分析。结果检测到AA、AB、BB、CC、CD5种基因型,其中AB、BB型个体在脂联素基因第2外显子64bp处发现G→C突变,CD型个体第3外显子50bp处发现C→T的突变,G→C导致谷氨酸(GGA)转化为谷氨酰胺(GCA),C→T导致丝氨酸(TCA)转化为亮氨酸(TTA)。方差分析结果表明:AA型个体的宰前活重、胴体重、眼肌面积显著高于BB型(P<0.05),而在胴体腿臀围方面,AA型个体极显著高于AB型、BB型个体(P<0.01)。CD型个体的宰前活重、胴体腿臀围、皮下脂肪厚、背膘厚、嫩度都显著优于CC型个体(P<0.05)。脂联素基因该位点可能是影响秦川牛胴体及肉质性状的主效QTL或与之紧密连锁,可作为秦川牛高档牛肉生产的候选分子标记。

Four hundred and five Qinchuan cattle at the age of 24 months were used to detect SNPs of adiponectin gene by PCR-SSCP and sequencing technology and to analyze the correlation of SNPs with carcass and meat quality traits using the general linear model （GLM） in SPSS program. Five genetypes （AA, AB, BB, CC, CD） were detected,with one G→C mutation at 64 bp in exon2 of adiponectin in AB 、 BB genetypes and one C→T mutation at 50 bp in exon3 of adiponectin in CD genetype. G→C mutation resulted glutamic acid （GGA） into glutamine （GCA） and C→T mutation resulted serine （TCA） into leucine （TTA）. Statistical analysis revealed that Qinchuan cattle with AA genotype was higher than BB genotype in slaughter weight, back fat thickness, carcass weight, loin muscle area （P〈0.05）. The crural girth of AA genotype was significantly higher than AB and BB genotypes （P〈0.01）. Qinchuan cattle with CD genotype was higher than CC genotype in slaughter weight, subcutaneous fat thickness, back fat thickness, crural girth, and tenderness （P〈0.05）. Adiponectin gene was proved to be closely related to carcass and meat quality traits （P〈0.05）, which can be used as a candidate molecular marker for production of high-grade meat in Qinchuan beef cattle.