2002～2007年重庆儿童医院住院儿童常见呼吸道病毒感染流行特点与临床特征比较分析

Comparative analysis of clinical features of common respiratory tract viral infection and its trends in hospitalized children of chongqing during 2002 and 2007

目的:分析比较重庆儿童医院住院儿童常见呼吸道病毒感染流行特点及其临床特征。方法:回顾性分析2002年7月～2007年1月共2365例呼吸道感染的住院患儿,抽取鼻咽部分泌物,采用直接免疫荧光法检测7种常见呼吸道病毒。分析比较常见呼吸道病毒临床表现。结果:病毒的检出率与性别、年龄、季节有关系,副流感病毒(Parainfluenza,PIV)3型与婴幼儿哮喘发作有一定关系,呼吸道合胞病毒(Respiratory syncytial virus,RSV)和PIV3是反复呼吸道感染的主要病原,是引起有先天性心脏病、气管软化和先天性气道发育畸形等基础病患儿感染的常见病原体,腺病毒(Adenovirus,ADV)可引起幼儿哮喘发作。结论:通过回顾性分析比较,RSV与PIV3在7种常见病毒中是引起重庆地区婴幼儿反复喘息的主要病毒病原。除RSV与婴幼儿哮喘关系密切外,PIV3与婴幼儿哮喘也有一定的相关性。ADV也是重庆地区呼吸道感染的重要病原体,但无严重临床表现。ADV还可引起幼儿哮喘急性发作。流感病毒(Influenza virus,IV)A型是上呼吸道感染的主要病原体。

Objective：To compare the trends and clinical features of common respiratory tract viral infection in hospitalized children in Chongqing Chindren＇s hospital.Methods：Retrospective analysis of 2 365 cases of respiratory tract viral infection from July 2002 to January 2007,was made using direct immunofluorescence for seven common respiratory viruses in nasopharyngeal secretions.The more common respiratory virus clinical manifestations were analyzed.Results：There were certain relationships between the virus detection rate and gender,age and season.Infants asthma attack was related to Parainfluenza（PIV）3.Respriatory syncytin virus（RSV） and PIV3 were the main pathogens of recurrent respiratory tract viral infection,and also pathogens of the common respiratory tract viral infection when children had basic diseases,such as congenital heart disease,congenital tracheal softening airway development with deformities,and so on.Adenovirus（ADV） could cause early childhood asthma.Conclusion：RSV and PIV3 are the major pathogenic viruses in seven common viruses causing infants recurrent wheezing in Chongqing.It is well known RSV is related to asthma in infants,and PIV3 also has some relevance with asthma in infants.ADV is also an important respiratory tract viral infection pathogen in Chongqing,but there are no serious clinical manifestations.ADV can also cause acute asthma attack in early childhood.IV-A is the main pathogen for upper respiratory tract infection.