血小板及其调控因子在幼兔免疫性血管炎中的动态变化

Roles of platelet and its regulating factors in immune vasculitis in young rabbits

目的动态观察血小板、巨核细胞、血小板生成素(TPO)、转化生长因子β1(TGF-β1)在幼兔免疫性血管炎模型中的变化及作用机制。方法用牛血清白蛋白复制幼兔免疫性血管炎的川崎病(KD)动物模型,每隔4d分别检测血小板计数、巨核细胞计数及分类、TPO水平、TGF-β1阳性率和积分值,并于第17,28天取冠状动脉、肝、脾、肾、脑等组织作病理学分析。结果实验组血小板、巨核细胞总数、产板巨核细胞百分数于第12,16,20,24,28天,TPO水平于第8,12,16,20,28天,TGF-β1阳性率和积分值于第16,20,24,28天较正常对照组明显升高(P<0.05)。实验组幼兔第17天各组织病理检查可见微小动脉明显的炎性损伤改变,第28天可见中小动脉明显的炎性损伤改变,而主动脉仅见轻度改变。结论血小板、巨核细胞、TPO、TGF-β1共同参与KD的发病机制,在KD的病理生理过程中发挥重要作用,提示其均可作为监测KD病情变化的重要指标。

Objective To study the roles of platelet （PLT） and its regulating factors,megakaryocyte,thrombopoietin （TPO） and transforming growth factor β1 （TGF-β1）,in immune vasculitis in young rabbits.Methods An experimental model of Kawasaki disease （KD） of weanling rabbits was reproduced by bovine serum. PLT count,total number and differentiating count of megakaryocyte,and serum TPO and TGF-β1 levels were measured 0,4,8,12,16,20,24 and 28 days after KD induction. Pathological analysis of coronary artery,liver,spleen,kidney and brain was performed 17 and 28 days after KD induction.Results In the KD group,PLT count,the total number of megakaryocyte,and the middle board megakaryocyte percentage increased 12,16,20,24 and 28 days;serum TPO level increased 8,12,16,20,24 and 28 days;serum TGF-β1 level increased 16,20,24 and 28 days after KD induction compared with those in the normal control group （P〈0.05）. The pathological examinations of coronary artery,liver,spleen,kidney and brain showed severe inflammatory injuries of tiny arteries and small/medium-sized arteries 17 and 28 days after KD induction,respectively in the KD group. The aortas were showed as mild inflammatory injuries.Conclusions PLT,megakaryocyte,TPO and TGF-β1 participate in the pathogenesis of KD,and they may play an important role in the injuries of immune vasculitis. This suggests that they may serve as markers for the assessment of severity in KD.