牙轮钻头以车代磨加工工艺研究

The Processing of Roller Cone Bit with Grinding Instead of Cutting

介绍了石油钻井用三牙轮钻头的结构特点和工作原理。分析了牙轮钻头目前采用的加工方法和工艺特点，着重分析了三牙轮钻头主要零件牙轮的内孔、二止推面采用常规磨削加工工艺方法存在的问题；并从加工机床、刀具材料的性能及选择、切削用量的选择、切削液的性能以及安装定位等方面对采用以车代磨加工工艺方法进行了分析研究。现场统计数据资料表明，采用以车代磨加工工艺方法生产的牙轮钻头，不仅降低了加工成本，而且使钻头的使用寿命有大幅度提高，进一步说明采用以车代磨的加工工艺方法的合理性和实用价值。

The structural properties and performance behavior of Roller Cone Bit used in oil drilling are discussed. The methods and technological character of Roller Cone Bit processing are analyzed, and problems associated with conventional grinding processing of the internal hole and secondary radial placing are discussed in detail. A further analyses is made on the technological aspects of replacing cutting by grinding, including feature of the machine tools, selection and performance of the cutting tools, selection of the cutting regimes, property of the cutting fluid, and mounting and locating, etc. The validity and value of the method of processing roller cone bit with grinding instead of cutting is demonstrated not only by the reduction in production cost, but also by prolonged working time of the bit as shown by the well site statistic data.