乒乓球运动员心血管系统功能测试方法的实验研究

Experimental research on the testing method of Ping-pong players' heart blood vessel system function

乒乓球运动员心血管系统的功能对该运动员比赛中竞技能力的发挥及其运动水平的保持作用显著,但目前测试该能力的方法比较复杂或与乒乓球训练结合不紧密。为了了解目前我国青少年乒乓球运动员心血管系统功能的状况,找出与乒乓球练习紧密结合的测试方法,确保教练员在训练中随时了解运动员心血管系统的能力,本研究对参加2003年至2007年国家乒乓球青少年集训的部分运动员(共80名,其中女运动员40名,男运动员40名)进行了最大摄氧量、台阶试验、YoYo测试,12分钟跑等心血管功能的测试。首创了利用多球,按照一定的负荷方法对乒乓球运动员进行心血管功能测试的手段,对同一批运动员进行了测试,并与其他测试手段的结果进行了相关性研究。研究结果表明:乒乓球运动属于有氧运动,青少年进行以有氧代谢为主的乒乓球训练,可以促进其心肺功能的提高,为成人后心血管系统的健康打下较坚实的基础。多球测试的方法、多球测试时运动员心率变化的规律、多球测试后心血管系统的恢复指数与其他相关测试手段的相关关系以及不同训练水平运动员多球测试结果之间的差异,都表明多球测试的手段能较好地反映乒乓球运动员心血管系统功能,可以用于乒乓球运动员心血管系统功能的评定。

The cardiovascular system function of table tennis players play an important role in exerting their competitive ability and maintaining their sport standard,however the measurement method of this function at present is complex or has little connection with table tennis training.In order to ensure the cardiovascular system function situation of young table tennis players,discover the method which can be combined with table tennis practice,so as to make sure that the coaches can know the cardiovascular system function of players at any time during their training, this article had gone on tests to 40 women players and 40 men players who took part in national adolescent ping- pong training team from 2003 to 2007. The tests contain heart blood vessel tests such as most absorbingoxygen quantity, sidestep test, YoYo test and 12 minutes running. It firstly uses the testing method with many balls to test ping - pong players＇ heart blood vessel function according to the stated load method. This research has used that method to test the same ping- pong players and carried out relativity research on the results compared with other methods. The result indicates that ping - pong belongs to aerobics. Adolescent participating in ping - pong training can improve their heart and lung functions and have a stable base for their heart blood vessel system. The method of muhiball test, the rules of players＇ heart rate change in Multi Ball Testing, the correlativity of heart blood vessel system＇ s recovering index after Multi Ball Testing compared with other methods, and the result differentiation of different levels＇ players all indicate that Multi Ball Testing can reflect players＇ heart blood vessel system function. It can be used in assessing ping- pong players＇ heart blood vessel system function.