能源安全约束下中国加工贸易结构调整与转型问题探讨

Discussion on the Structural Adjustment and Transition of China's Processing Trade under the Restriction of Energy Security

自2001年中国加工贸易进入快速发展期以来,其能源消耗规模也在骤然扩大,现已占我国能源消费总量的30%左右。在2001-2008年国际高油价期间,随着我国加工贸易规模的迅速扩大,以加工贸易出口方式所进行的能源间接输出不仅使我国遭受了巨大的隐含能源成本损失,而且为此而逐年加大的能源生产所造成的生态环境影响损失也是惊人的。以能源安全为切入点,从能源安全供给、环境影响、隐含成本损失及其资源大量消耗等多方约束来分析中国加工贸易进行结构调整与转型的必然性,探讨实现加工贸易结构调整与转型的有效途径。

China＇s processing trade has entered a fast development period since 2001, and as the energy consumption scale of China processing trade has being enlarged abruptly, the percentage of the energy consumption of China＇s processing trade has reached 30% of the total energy consumption in China approximately. However, with rapid development of China＇s processing trade, China has not only suffered a heavy embodied energy cost loss from the indirect energy exports by the pattern of processing trade exports during the high international oil price period from 2001 to 2008, but also the environmental pollution loss is astonishing, which has arisen from increasing energy production annually to meet such a large scale of energy consumption in China＇s processing trade industry. For this purpose, this paper will analyze the necessity of the structural adjustment and transition of China＇s processing trade industry, and discuss the effective approaches to achieve China＇s processing trade structural adjustment and transition.