乌兰察布地区蚤类地理分布特点及鼠疫流行病学意义

Wulanchabu Region Characterized by the Geographical Distribution of Fleas and Plague Epidemiological Significance

目的通过研究乌兰察布市地理生态条件与蚤类的分布特点和鼠疫媒介作用,为鼠防工作提供科学依据。方法检视标本,分析其生态地理分布。结果乌兰察布地区的蚤类区系具有华北区向蒙新区过渡型混合分布特征。全境由南向北形成三个自然种群分布带,不同的生境类型地带内都有其特有的蚤类和宿主。在该地区共有蚤类7科27个属56种和亚种,其中曾有自染鼠疫菌蚤类的26种和亚种。结论本地区鼠疫疫源地的主要媒介有秃病蚤蒙冀亚种、近代新蚤东方亚种、同形客蚤指名亚种3种。其它23种为次要媒介或偶然媒介。

Objective To provide the scientific evidences for controlling plague by identifying the fleas collected in many years and analysing the ecological and geographic condition in Wulanchabu city. Methods Checked up the fleas and investigated the environment. Results flea fauna transformed from North china zoogeographical region to Mongol - Xinjiang region in Wulanchabu, formed 3 distribution range of the fleas. 1. range of South loess plateau hilly grassland. 2 dry hilly steppe in middle Wulanchabu. 3. North high plain desert grassland. There are different vectors and hosts in the three habitats. 7families 27 genera and 56spieces fleas have been found , 25of them can infect plague naturally. Conclusion The mixed contribution should be concerned in classification and plague surveillance.