公共政策、交易成本与治理机制——公共政策研究中的交易成本视角探析

Public Policy Transaction Cost and Governance Mechanism——A analysis of transaction cost on public policy research

交易成本理论是用来分析政治问题的一个非常有用的理论框架。在交易成本理论的视角下,公共政策可以视为政策制定者和公民投票者之间政治交易的产物,其本质是政治契约。由于契约双方的人性因素与交易环境因素,如有限理性、投机主义、信息不对称、不确定性与复杂性等,公共政策在制定和执行过程中存在着大量的交易成本。分析公共政策契约过程中的交易成本,设计节省交易成本的治理机制,有助于提高政策效率,实现政策目标。

The theory of transaction cost is a useful framework for analysis of political issues. From transaction cost theory perspective, the public policy can be seen as a political deal between policy-makers and citizens of voters, and its essence is a political contract. Because of the human factors and trading environment factors of contract, such as limited rationality, opportunism, information asymmetry, uncertainty and complexity and so on, there are a large number of transaction costs in public policy formulation and implementation. The analysis of transaction costs and design of governance mechanisms on saving transaction costs will help us to improve the policy efficiency and realize the policy goal.