大跨度桥梁的施工控制

Construction Control of Long Span Bridges

现代大跨度桥梁结构形式与功能日趋复杂,需要结合详细的理论分析和施工过程跟踪测试,采取相应的施工控制措施,保证桥梁施工的顺利进行并达到设计预期的目标成桥状态。施工控制内容包括几何控制、应力控制、稳定控制、影响因素分析等。施工控制方法有事后控制法、预测控制法、自适应控制法、最大宽容度法等。介绍大跨度桥梁施工控制的必要性、任务和主要内容、控制方法、结构计算分析方法以及影响桥梁施工控制的因素,并选取3座不同类型的大跨度桥梁——苏通大桥辅桥(连续刚构桥)、忠县长江大桥(斜拉桥)、武汉阳逻长江大桥(悬索桥),介绍施工控制的主要内容、方法以及取得的成果。

The structural types and functions of modern long span bridges tend to become more and more complicated. To ensure the smooth proceeding of construction of the bridges and to achieve the anticipated goal of designed completion status of the bridges, the corresponding construction control measures based on the detailed theoretic analysis and the tracking measurement to be implementde in the construction process are necessitated. The construction control of the bridges generally include the geometry control, stress control, stability control and influential factor analysis and the methods for the construction control may fall into the post-control, precontrol, self-adaptability control and maximum tolerance control. The authors herewith present the necessity, task, principal contents, control methods, structural calculation and analysis methods of the construction control of the bridges and the factors having influence on the control. By way of examples of three bridges of different structural types, i. e., the auxiliary bridge （continuous rigid-frame structure） of Sutong Bridge, Zhongxian Changjiang River Bridge （cablestayed bridge） and Wuhan Yangluo Changjiang River Bridge （suspension bridge）, the authors also describe in considerable detail the principal contents, methods and the results of the construction control of long span bridges.