大学生紧张反应的影响因素分析

Analysis of the Influential Factors of College Students' Strain

[目的]了解大学生心理情况的影响因素,提出缓解大学生紧张与焦虑的对策。[方法]采用职业紧张问卷(OSI)对南京4所高校794名在校大学生进行紧张反应、紧张应付策略调查,比较不同学校、性别、年级及月生活消费水平的大学生紧张反应、紧张应付策略得分。[结果]各高校大学生之间躯体抱怨、忍耐性、家庭与学习关系得分差异有统计学意义(P<0.05或P<0.01);男女大学生之间的每日紧张感、焦虑状态、忍耐性、竞争性、社会支持、时间管理、投入、非学习活动得分差异有统计学意义(P<0.05或P<0.01);不同年级大学生之间竞争性得分差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);月生活消费水平不同的大学生在自尊感、社会支持和投入的得分差异有统计学意义(P<0.05或P<0.01)。[结论]高校大学生的月生活消费水平、学校、性别及年级不同,对紧张反应和紧张应付策略有不同的影响。

[Objective] To assess the psychological effect of different university,sex,age,monthly expenditure on college students.[ Methods] A questionnaire suvey of strain and coping strategies was carried out with occupational stress indicator（OSI）among 794 students in four colleges and universities in Nanjing.The differences of school,gender,grade,and monthly expenditure on college students＇ strain and coping strategies were compared.[ Results]Scores on the strain of physical complains, tolerance,the relationship between family and learning had a significant difference among the various colleges and universities.Between male and female college students the scales of daily life stress,state-anxiety,personality characteristics（the patience and competitiveness）,social support,time management,involvement,and non-learning activities showed significant differences.There was also a significant difference among the freshman,sophomore and junior students.There was a significant difference between students with different monthly expenditures on self-esteem,social support and input.[ Conclusion] Different monthly expenditure,schools,gender,and grade of college students lead to different effects on strain and coping strategies.