某社区158例中老年2型糖尿病患者营养状况调查

Epidemiological Study on the Nutritional Status of 158 Middle-aged and Senior Patients with Non-insulin-dependent Diabetes Mellitus in a Community

[目的]通过开展某社区中老年2型糖尿病患者营养现况调查,为在糖尿病患者中开展营养干预研究提供科学依据。[方法]从某社区中选取已确诊的非住院2型糖尿病患者158例为调查对象,采用24h膳食回顾法记录调查对象3d膳食情况,录入"营养之星专家系统"进行膳食分析,并对其进行体检和血糖、血脂、肝肾功能等生化指标检测,以分析其营养状况。[结果]糖尿病患者脂肪和胆固醇摄入偏高,膳食纤维摄入较少,均存在各种营养素如钙、锌、硒等和多种维生素摄入不足。体检结果显示血尿素氮、三酰甘油、游离脂肪酸、糖化血红蛋白、尿微量蛋白、空腹血糖、餐后2h血糖均值超标。血糖控制率仅为15.2%。[结论]2型糖尿病患者膳食结构不合理,血糖控制不佳,需加强对糖尿病患者合理膳食的指导。

[Objective] To study the nutritional status of middle-aged and senior Non-insulin-dependent Diabetes Mellitus（NIDDM）patients in a community,in order to find the scientific foundation of nutritional intervention.[ Methods] Twenty-four hours recall for 3 days＇ meals were used on 158 patients who were diagnosed as NIDDM.Physical examination for them was conducted and＂ Nutritional Star Expert System＂was used to analysis their meals.[ Results] Fat and cholesterol intakes were higher in the NIDDM patients,fibre intake was insufficient.Many kinds of nutrients such as calcium,zinc,selenium,etc.and intake of various vitamins in the group were insufficient.The result of physical examination showed that blood ures nitrogen, triglyceride,free fatty acids,hemoglobin of glycosylation,microalbumin,blood sugar on empty stomach,blood sugar 2 hours after meal were significantly higher than standard.The control rate of blood sugar is only 15.2%.[ Conclusion] The diet constitution of the NIDDM patients are not reasonable,and the patients＇ control rate of blood sugar is really low.The study suggests that it is necessary to conduct the health education and make flow charts of regular therapy for diabetic patients.