信息技术在林火探测中的应用

The Application of Information Technology in Forest Fire Detection

本文在介绍信息技术的基础上,搜集了大量的林火探测方法,分析了人为探测的优缺点以及利用信息技术进行林火探测的必要性。信息技术在林火探测中的应用主要包括4个方面:红外探测、感烟探测、卫星遥感探测和视频图像探测。本文分析了各种信息技术的探火原理以及优缺点,并指出在不同的环境背景下应该选择不同的信息技术进行林火探测,必要的时候可以使用复合型的林火探测方式。一般来说,红外探测和感烟探测比较适合近距离的林火探测,因为红外和烟雾容易受周围环境的影响而有不同程度的削减;对于大面积的森林监测应该采用卫星遥感技术,但由于其覆盖周期长,应用于林火探测上尚有一定距离,在林火灾后评估方面有很好的应用效果;视频图像林火探测是一门新兴的信息技术,虽然有其他方法所不可比拟的优越性,但在应用过程中,其缺点也应受到人们的重视。随着信息技术日新月异的发展,林火探测技术将会越来越科学、准确。

The article introduces the meaning of information technology and collects a large number of forest fire detection methods, analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of the human detection and the need of information technology. The application of information technology in forest fire detection includes four aspects： infrared detection, smoke detection, satellite remote sensing and video-images detection. The article analyzes the principles of a variety of information technology, as well as the advantages and disadvantages, pointing out that we should choose the right information technology method for forest fire detection considering the different conditions and backgrounds, complex of forest fire detection methods can be used when necessary. In general, infrared detection and smoke detection are more suitable for close-up of forest fire detection, because the infrared and smoke are easily affected by the surrounding environment on different levels; large areas of forest should be monitored by the satellite remote sensing technology, However, due to its long-term coverage, there is a certain distance to detect forest fires, after all, it has a good assessment of the bush after fire; video-images detection is an emerging information technology, although it has the advantages that can not be compared by other methods, in the application process, its shortcomings should be paid much attention. With the rapid development of information technology, forest fire detection technology will become more and more scientific and accurate.