客家土楼的结构功能与文化隐喻

Structural Function and Cultural Metaphor of Hakka Earth Building

文章从正在申报世界文化遗产的客家土楼类型入手,侧重分析客家土楼的结构与功能,指出作为客家人群共同体聚族而居的土楼所蕴含的客家人的价值观、宇宙观,体现了客家文化既继承了中原传统农业文化,又在与原住民的互动中再生出新的地域性文化,从文化的角度反证了客家人是由中原汉人、闽南人和畲等族群在特定地域的生产生活互动中形成的人群共同体,土楼成了这一人群共同体文化遗产的特殊见证。

This paper analyzes the structure and the function of Hakka earth buildings through their types which are being applied for the cultural heritage of world class, pointing out that such earth buildings which serve as the living places of Hakka people carry the outlook of value and world of the Hakka people and represent that the Hakka culturehas not only inherited the tradition- al agricultural culture of Central China but also produced a new regional culture by living with the local residents, which reflects that the Hakka people are combined by the groups of Han people of Central China, of South Fujian and of She people who live in a given area and interact in their real life. The earth buildings are the witness of their cultural heritage.