磨床床身结构优化设计

Design Optimization for Structuredl of Grinder Bed

基于参数化建模和结构优化设计理论,建立了某磨床床身的参数化有限元模型;以床身的筋板间距和壁厚为设计参数,在保证导轨刚度的条件下,采用整体优化和分层优化的方法分别对床身结构进行了优化设计,达到降低床身自重的目的,并对优化前后的结构进行了力学性能比较。整体优化是指同时优化所有的设计变量,而分层优化是指将设计变量根据其对设计目标和约束条件的影响进行合理分组,逐步优化。结果表明,采用分层优化技术可有效地解决设计变量较多的复杂结构优化设计。

In order to optimize a grinder bed,a parametric finite element model is established,and two optimization strategies,namely lump-sum optimization and stepwise optimization,are discussed.In the lump-sum optimization,the whole design variables are optimized in the optimization process at the same time,while in the stepwise optimization,the design variables are classified into several groups according to their effectiveness to the design objective and the constraints,and the design variables are optimized in a step by step optimization process. The design objective is the weight of the grinder bed, and the design variables are set to be the distances of the inner ribs and the thickness of outer plates. The optimized structure should satisfy the required rigidity of the oriented rail. The results show that the stepwise optimization method can be used effectively in the design optimization of complex structure with many design variables.