三峡库区流动人口血吸虫血清流行病学研究

Serological epidemiology investigation on Schistosoma japonicum of the mobile population in Three Gorges reservoir area*

目的探讨三峡库区流动人口血吸虫血清学特征,为制定三峡库区血吸虫病防治对策和措施提供科学依据。方法2008年,采用流行病学调查和酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)在三峡库区调查流动人口的血吸虫血清感染情况。结果调查流动人口1 416人,其血清学阳性率为3.04%,返乡人员阳性率(4.04%)高于疫区来渝人员(1.76%)(χ2=6.15,P<0.05);区县阳性率以云阳、万州、开县为最高,超过4%。血清阳性率以50岁以上组最高,为5.38%。来自非流行省未发现阳性,传播阻断省血清阳性率(1.33%)低于流行省(3.60%)(χ2=4.05,P<0.05)。流动人员主要来自湖北、湖南、四川,分别占33.40%、17.44%、10.52%;血清阳性率以江西、江苏、湖北最高,均超过4%。结论三峡库区流动人口存在血吸虫感染情况,主要来自血吸虫病流行地区,应加强外来流动人员的血吸虫病监测,防止传染源的输入。

Objective To explore the serological character of schistosoma japonicum of the mobile population in Three Gorges reservoir area （TGRA） so as to provide the evidence for setting up the surveillance scheme of schistosomiasis prevention and con- trol. Methods The mobile populations were investigated by the questionnaire and their serum were examined by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA）. Results 1 416 mobile people were investigated. 43 out of 1 416 were positive in ELISA test （3. 04%）. The positive rate of people returned from endemic areas （4.04%） was significantly higher than those from endemic areas （1.76%） （3（2 =6.15 ,P〈0.05）. The county of highest positive rate was Yunyang,Wanzhou and Kaixian （above 4%）. The positive rate of over 50 years was highest （5.38%）. No positive people were found from schistosomiasis non-endemic provinces. The posi- tive rate in the mobile population from schistosoma japonicum-endemie provinces （3.60%） was higher than those from the trans- mission-interrupted provinces （1.33 %） （ 2 = 4.05,P〈0.05）. The mobile population came mainly from Hubei （33.40 %）, Hunan （17.44%） and Sichuan （10.52% ） province. The positive rate in the mobile population from Jiangxi,Jiangsu, Hubei was highest （a- bove 4%）. Conclusion The sources of schistosomiasis infection potentially exist in the mobile population in TGRA. The emphases of monitoring schistosomiasis in TGRA should be the mobile population from endemic areas,in order to prevent from introduction of infectious sources of schistosomiasis.