短暂性脑缺血发作与颈动脉粥样硬化斑块的相关性研究

The Relationship Between the Transient Ischemic Attack and the Carotid Atherosclerosis

目的探讨短暂性脑缺血发作(transient ischemic attack,TIA)与颈动脉粥样硬化(Carotid Atherosclerosis,CAS)斑块的关系,寻找TIA的主要危险因素。方法应用彩色多普勒对71例TIA患者(病例组),51例对照患者(对照组)进行检查,观察CAS程度。危险因素采用Logistic多元回归分析。结果病例组的颈动脉粥样硬化斑块的检出率66.2%(47/71)高于对照组47.0%(24/51);颈动脉斑块好发于颈动脉膨大、颈内动脉起始处、以左侧颈动脉斑块为多。经Logistic回归分析,年龄是CAS斑块形成的独立危险因素;血糖升高、长期吸烟是TIA发生的独立危险因素。结论TIA患者颈动脉斑块的检出率明显高于无脑血管疾病患者,老年颈动脉硬化患者应强调戒烟、控制血糖等生活方式的干预。

Objective To explore the relationship between the transient ischemic attack （TIA）and the carotid atherosclerosis（CAS） and to search the main risk factors of TIA. Methods Using color Doppler, 71 TIA patients in the ease group and 51 patients in the control group were checked and CAS levels were observed . Results In the case group the CAS plaque detection rate was 66.2% （47/71）, which was significantly higher than that of the control group （47 %, 24/51 ）. The carotid artery plaques were liable to appear at the expansion and the outset of the inner carotid and the plaques were liable to appear in the left-side carotid arteries. The logistic regression analysis indicated that ages were the independent risk factors of carotid atherooselerotic plaques. No significant differences in the risk factors such as ages, sex, hypertension between two groups. Cerebrovascular diseases including coronary heart disease, higher blood glucose and long-term smoking were the independent risk factors of TIA. Conclusion The carotid artery plaque incidence in the TIA patients is significantly higher than that of the patients without eere-hrovascular diseases. The lifestyle interferences should be stressed in the old age carotid arteriosclerotic patients. To stop smoking , to control blood glucose and to value old age carotid artery uhrasonography are of positive significance in preventing the appearance of TIA.