文峪河流域河岸带植被景观格局分析与规划

Analysis and Planning for Landscape Pattern of Riparian Vegetation along Wenyu River Watershed

以山西吕梁文峪河流域地形图、航片等为基础资料,借助Geoway软件及Visual FoxPro与Microsoft Excel对数据进行处理、转化.选取斑块面积指数、标准差、变动系数、多样性指数、优势度等景观指数对流域总体景观格局进行分析.结果表明,林地和灌草丛对整个流域河岸带植被景观起绝对控制作用,占相当比重的耕地是流域治理中不容忽视的类型;小规模分散分布的村庄是引起流域河岸带景观破碎化的主要原因;水面、草甸等类型对维护河岸带景观多样性有着重要意义.藉此,提出了流域分段治理的规划设计,即在流域上游段,以自然演替优先,辅以人工管理;在中游段,封育管建并重,人为促进更新;在人为干扰严重的下游段,以人工建设为主进行河岸带生态恢复重建.

Based on topography photos and aerial images, adopting Geoway, Visual FoxPro and Microsoft EXCEL to deal with and transform the data, the paper selected several factors including area index of patch, standard difference, change coefficient, landscape diversity index （LDI）, landscape element dominance index （LED） to analyze general landscape pattern. The results showed that forest land and shrubs were in charge of vegetation landscape along riparian zone, large proportion cultivated land could not be neglected; sparsely distributing villages were the main reason for landscape fragmentation; water surface and meadows were significant in maintaining landscape diversity. Thus, corresponding planning and design for sectioned control of the watershed were proposed.