生成结构主义:布迪厄社会学思想的核心与基础

Generative Structuralism:the Basis and the Core of Bourdieu's Sociological Theory

在西方社会学理论的形成与发展过程中,个体与整体、主观与客观等笛卡尔式的二元对立构成了社会学理论争鸣的基础。然而,这种"两分法"的研究方式在社会学理论进入当代以来受到了来自各个方面的批评,引起了社会学理论大师们的深刻反省,法国社会学家布迪厄就是其中的代表之一。他颠覆了孔德已降的许多先贤成见,综合"结构主义"和"建构主义"两种路径,提出生成结构主义,建构了自身的理论系统,从而为研究和认识社会现实提供了一整套理论思考的工具。

In the process of formation and development of the Western sociological theory, the binary opposition of the individual and the whole, the subjectivity and the objectivity, etc. constituted the basis of the sociological theory. However, this dichotomy has been criticized since the sociological theory came to the contemporary, which the sociologists deeply reflected on. Bourdieu was one of the representatives. He subverted many sages of sociological theory, integrated ＂structuralism＂ and ＂constrnctivism,＂ and constructed his generative strncturalism, which provides a set of tools for thinking and researching on social realities.