煤矿员工不安全心理及其影响因素

Risky psychology and influencing factors of coalmine workers

根据环境影响心理、心理支配行为的理论和安全生产领域的相关研究成果,对生产过程中人的行为与生产安全事故的关系进行了论述;并结合开滦煤矿实际对引发矿工不安全行为的侥幸心理、麻痹心理、捷径心理、从众心理、摆脱心理、逞能心理、恐慌心理和逆反心理等8种主要心理以及影响矿工心理的煤矿作业环境中的温度、湿度、照明、色彩、噪声,人际关系,饮食及其他等4个方面的因素进行了分析论证;在此基础上,根据80%以上生产安全事故是由人的不安全行为所引发的事实,提出了应通过改善或消除引发矿工不安全心理的各种因素来消除或抑制矿工的不安全行为,从源头预防煤矿生产安全事故发生的观点.

On the basis of existing theories on the impact of environment on psychology, actions driven by psychology and production safety, this paper explores the relations between human behaviors and accidents in the course of production. The paper, based on the facts found in Kailuan Coalmine, conducts a systematic analysis on eight psychological behaviors including fluky psychology, negligence, shot-cut behavior, conformity behavior, disillusion, assertive behavior, fear psychology and antagonistic psychology as well as those psychologically influencing factors such as temperature, humidity, lighting, colors, noise, human relations, food and other factors in the work environment. Given the fact that over 80% accidents have been taken place due to risk behaviors, this paper argues that, to prevent coalmine accidents, efforts should be made to eliminate those factors causing risky psychological behaviors.