发作期精神分裂症患者执行功能及注意功能的对照研究

A study of executive and attentional function in patients with schizophrenia during episodic period.

目的探讨发作期精神分裂症患者的执行功能和注意功能。方法采用威斯康星卡片测验(WCST)和连续性操作测验(CPT),对107名发作期精神分裂症患者和67名健康对照者的执行功能和注意功能进行评估。结果1、在WCST中,精神分裂症患者组的总测验次数、持续错误数和随机错误数(分别为94.3±25.6、30.4±22.5和41.0±23.0)显著高于正常对照组(分别为65.1±25.0、18.8±11.4和21.2±17.3)(P=0.00、P=0.00、P=0.00);精神分裂症患者组的正确反应数(23.7±6.1)显著少于对照组(25.0±0.0)(P=0.03);精神分裂症患者组的完成分类数(4.8±2.4)与对照组(5.0±0.0)相比无显著差异(P=0.46);2、精神分裂症患者CPT三项指标(CPT2=6.5±2.9、CPT3=8.5±3.3,CPT=25.0±6.6)均显著低于对照组(CPT=30.4±2.7,CPT2=8.9±2.0和CPT3=10.6±0.7)(P=0.00、P=0.00、P=0.00);精神分裂症患者组的CPT1(10.0±4.0)与对照组(CPT1=10.8±0.6)相比,差异无显著性(P=0.05)3、WCST中持续错误数与CPT各项指标无显著相关关系。结论精神分裂症存在执行功能和注意功能的缺陷,两者无显著相关关系。

Objective To explore the executive and attentional function of patients with schizophrenia in episodic period. Methods A total of 107 patients with schizophrenia and 67 normal controls were assessed with Wisconsin Card Sorting Test （WCST） and Continue Performance Test （CPT） for executive and attention function. Results 1. Com- pared with the controls（ total trials = 65.1 25.0, perseverative errors = 30.4 22.5, random errors = 21.2 2 17.3, correct trials =25.0 20.0）, total trials, perseverative errors and random errors （94.3 ± 25.6,30.4 ± 22.5,41.0 ± 23.0） of patients were significantly higher （ P = 0.00,P = 0.00,P = 0.00） , correct trials（23.7 ±6.1 ） were significantly fewer （ P = 0.03 ） , there was no significant deference in categories between patients （4.8 ＋ 2.4 ） and controls （ 5.0 ± 0.0 ） （ p = 0.46 ）. 2. The patients exhibited poorer performance in CPT2, CPT3 and CPT（6.5 ± 2.9,8.5 ± 3.3 , 25.0 ± 6.6 ） than controls（ 8.9 2 2.0,10.6 2 0.7,30.4 2 2.7 ） （ P = 0.00, P = 0.00, P = 0.00 ）. There was no significant difference in CPT1 between patients（ 10.0 ±4.0） and controls （ 10.8 20.6） （ P = 0.05）. 3. No significantl relations between persev- erative errors and CPT1,CVI2, CPT3 and CPT were observed （ rl = 0.539, r2 = 0. 149, r3 = 0.688, r = 0.585, P 〉 0. 05）. Conclusion Patients with schizophrenia may have executive and attentional dysfunction, and there are no signifi- cant relation between them.