海南省2007～2008年麻疹监测病例流行病学特征分析

Prevalent features of measles cases detected in 2007～2008 in Hainan Province

目的分析海南省2007～2008年麻疹监测病例流行病学特征，为制定消除麻疹策略提供科学依据。方法采用描述流行病学方法分析2007-2008年麻疹监测系统报告数据。结果2007～2008年全省监测报告“发热出疹”麻疹疑似病例1240例，报告发病率2007年为2．52／10万，2008年为12．21／10万，监测病例报告2007年有14个市县，占77．78％，2008年有17个市县报告，占94．44％；监测病例中确诊为麻疹病例78例，实验室确诊52例，占66．67％，临床诊断26例，占33．33％，麻疹年发病率分别为0．32／10万、0．59／10万，无死亡病例；确诊病例中2007年本地常住人17占74．07％，流动人17占25．93％，2008年常住人12占50．98％，流动人口占49．02％。排除病例中风疹病例两年均在35％v；t上。发病呈高度散发，仍以冬春季为主，最小年龄为7月龄，最大为35岁，15岁以下儿童占病例总数的60．26％，无免疫史和免疫史不详者占87．23％。结论海南省开展麻疹症状监测以来，监测系统是敏感的，2007-2008年麻疹发病率已降到历史最低水平。

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of measles data monitored during 2007-2008 in Hainan. Methods Descriptive epidemiologic method was used for analysis of measles data from 2007 to 2008. Results During 2007-2008, the total reported suspected measles cases with fever and rash were 1 240, with an incidence of 2.52/ 100,000 inr 2007 and 12.21/100,000 in 2008. In 2007,the surveillance cases were reported from 14 counties,accounting for 77.78% of the whole counties in Hainan. And in 2008,the number of counties with reported cases was 17 （94.44%）. For all the cases,78 measles cases were confirmed inelduing 52 （66.67%） laboratorily confirmed cases and 26 （33.3%） clinical diagnosed cases. The annual incidence of measles was 0.32/100,000 in 2007 and 0.591100,000 in 2008. Mobile popuations accounted 29.63% and 47.06% of the confirmed cases in 2007 and 2008. More than 35% of the cases excluded from measles were rubella. The measles cases were highly sporadic,and mainly in winter and spring. The minimum age was 7 months, while the maximum age was 35. Children under 15 years accounted for 59.98% of the total cases and 91.9% of them without immunity or unknown immune history. Conclusion The measles surveillance system is sensitive in Hainan since the beginning of surveillance. The measles incidence had decreased to the lowest level in history during 2007-2008.