无线传感器网络密钥管理

Key Management in Wireless Sensor Network

无线传感器网络密钥管理极具挑战性,不仅因为传感器节点拥有的资源有限,不宜采用非对称密码技术,同时也因为传感器节点暴露在恶劣甚至敌对环境中,易于被敌手俘获。虽然目前提出许多密钥分配协议,但没有一个协议能在扩展性、共享密钥概率、存储代价和抵御节点俘获攻击等方面同时具有良好性能。密钥管理协议采用的技术必须与具体网络需求和传感器节点拥有的资源一致。分析和评估了典型的密钥管理方案和协议,并指出了该方向存在的开放问题及今后的发展趋势。

Key management in wireless sensor network is a challenging problem because asymmetric key cryptosystems are unsuitable for use in resource constrained sensor nodes, and also because the nodes could be physically compromised by an adversary. Even though a number of key distribution protocols have been proposed, none of them can simultaneously achieve good performance in terms of scalability in network size,key sharing probability between neighboring sensors,memory overhead for keying information storage, and resilience against node capture attacks. The techniques employed must depend upon the requirements of target applications and resources of each individual sensor network. In this paper, several key management schemes and protocols are discussed and evaluated in detail,and finally the open research problems and the possible trends in this field are also pointed out.