从园林文化看中西审美文化

On the Western and Chinese Aesthetic Cultures from a Perspective of the Gardening Culture

中西审美文化是在各自的文化背景中形成的,中西哲学思想、美学思想的差异,导致了不同的中西审美文化。中国审美文化是追求天人合一,崇尚自然美,讲求意境美的文化,西方审美文化则是追求主客二分,强调人工美,讲求形式美的文化。中西审美文化的交流与互动势不可挡,只有把握中西审美文化的差异,才能在吸收借鉴外来审美文化资源和总结本土审美文化经验的基础上,实现本民族审美文化的创新,从而在全球化的背景下彰显审美文化的本土特色。以中西园林文化为基点,从中西哲学思想、美学思想的角度出发来探讨中西审美文化,在相互比照中寻求相互认知,重建中西审美文化的意识和观念,实现审美文化的多元化,从而开拓崭新的当代审美文化新局面。

The western and Chinese aesthetic cultures have developed from their own cultural backgrounds respectively. Thus the differences in philosophical and aesthetical thoughts have leaded to different aesthetic cultures. Chinese aesthetic culture stresses much on the seeking for the unity of human and heaven, for the natural beauty and for the beauty of artistic conceptions. While the western aesthetic culture attaches more attention to the man - made beauty and the beauty of forms. Under the backgrounds of intercommunications between the west and China, it becomes increasingly important to be clear about the differences between the western and Chinese aesthetic cul- tures in order to have a better understanding of the western cultures and to have a better summary of the national cultures. Only by this way, the innovation of the national cultures can be achieved in the context of cultural globalization. Based on the cultures of gardening, this article tries to have a discussion about the differences between the western and Chinese aesthetic cultures from a perspective of the philosophical and aesthetic thoughts. The author hopes that the diversification of aesthetic cultures can be better understood in the process of comparison.