日晒消毒对温室土壤粪便性细菌污染的控制(英文)

Soil solarization in greenhouse for control of fecal contamination

农业土壤一旦被粪便性病菌污染,将给人类带来潜在的感染病菌的风险。通过选择大肠杆菌作为粪便性病菌的模式菌接种于土壤中,在温室条件下采用日晒热消毒法对大肠杆菌进行灭菌试验,探讨日晒消毒法的生物安全控制效果。结果表明,日晒处理使土壤温度在1周内升至40℃,并在大部分处理时期维持在40～46℃;处理区土壤中的大肠杆菌数在1周内从105cfu/g干土降至检测限以下(<0.08cfu/g干土),而对照区土壤中的大肠杆菌数在4周后仍可被检测出。由此可知,温室土壤在因施用未腐熟堆肥或动物粪便而被病菌污染时,日晒消毒是快速有效的生物安全控制手段。

Contamination of agricultural soil by fecal pathogenic bacteria poses a potential risk of infection to human beings. As an approach to biosafety, soil solarization technique was examined in a closed greenhouse for determining its efficiency on the inactivation of Escherichia coli, inoculated into soil as model fecal pathogenic bacteria. Results showed that solarization of soil greatly increased the soil temperature, that reached up to 40℃ within the first one week of solarization, thereafter fluctuated between 40-46℃ during most of the solarization periods. The population of Escherichia coil in the solarized soil decreased dramatically from 105 cth/g dry soil to undetectable level （0.08 cfu/g dry soil） within I week, whereas Escherichia coli was detected even after 4 weeks in the non-solarized soil in an open greenhouse. These results indicate that practicing soil solarization could be a useful technique for the rapid biosafety of soil contaminated by human pathogens via immature compost or animal feces under greenhouse environments.