固定式太阳能光伏板最佳倾角设计方法研究

Research on optimal tilt angle of fixed PV panel

为实现太阳能光伏板最佳倾角的设计及优化,通过Matlab建立倾斜放置的光伏板表面接收太阳辐射能模型,计算得到光伏板上的辐射能,推导出光伏板的年最佳倾角和季节最佳倾角.为使光伏板最大限度地接收太阳辐射能,在对传统季节区段重新划分的基础上,优化了季节最佳倾角.结合杭州本地情况,实测光伏板接收的太阳能日辐射量,对不同倾角下的日辐射能进行计算和分析.研究表明,根据季节调整倾角的光伏板接收的年辐射能,与水平和年最佳倾角放置的光伏板相比,分别提高了11.5%和4.1%,水平光伏板辐射能的理论值与实验值误差在5%以内,完全能满足一般太阳能工程研究的需要.

To design and optimize an optimal tilt angle, solar radiation, annual optimal tilt angle and seasonal optimal tilt angles of the PV module were calculated through the solar radiation model by Matlab. The seasonal tilt angles of the PV module were optimized after re-dividing the season span to make the solar radiation of the PV model maximum. According to the local condition of Hangzhou, daily solar radiation at different tilt angles was calculated and analyzed. A large number of experiments conducted by TRM-FD1 type of PV power testing system proved the feasibility of the proposed method. The experiments show that, the PV model at seasonal angle can enhance solar radiation by 11.5 % and 4.1 % compared to that at level and annual tilt respectively. For the solar radiation of level PV model, the calculated results agree with the measured data well, and the relative error is less than 5 %, which is accurate enough for solar energy engineering design and research. Validation result indicates that this model is reasonable and applicable.