发射药内部微结构及其力学性能各向异性研究

Interior Micro-structure and Mechanical Performance Anisotropy of Gun Propellants

针对发射药制造由于采用胶化定向压伸工艺而导致力学性能各向异性这一问题，该文研究了各向异性产生的原因、差异程度及可能的解决方法。测试并分析了自制发射药扁形药条在不同温度下的轴向和径向抗拉强度，通过扫描电镜试验研究了发射药的内部微结构。研究结果初步表明，径向抗拉强度只有轴向强度的1／3～1／4是产生发射药力学性能各向异性的原因。提出了解决发射药力学强度各向异性的几种可能途径。

In view of the mechanical performance anisotropy caused by adopting gel-diractional-pressing-elongation technics in the process of manufacturing propellant, the cause, differential degree and possible solutions to the anisotropy are studied in this paper. The axial and radial anti-tensile intensities of homemade fiat propellant sticks are tested at different temperatures. The interior micro-structure of propellants is studied through SEM testing. The analysis of the reason of causing the mechanical performance anisotropy of propellants shows that ： when the radial intensity has only 1/3 - 1/4 of the axial intensity, the anisotropy occurs. Several possible solutions to improving mechanical intensity anisotropy of propellants are proposed.