蒙汉杂居地区多元文化交融的社会记忆——一个村落“呼图克沁”艺术活动的人类学反观

MULTI-CULTURAL COMMUNICATION IN AREAS INHABITED BY BOTH MONGOLIANS AND HANS

内蒙古赤峰市萨力巴乡乌兰召村"呼图克沁"是由傩文化、萨满文化、查玛文化、汉文化、蒙古族民间文化等融合的产物。从艺术特色来看,"呼图克沁"继承了蒙古族萨满教傩舞、佛教查玛、汉族秧歌的有益成分,堪称是蒙、汉、藏民族文化交流的结晶。尽管"呼图克沁"受上述文化的影响和渗透,它却始终保持有蒙古族民间文化特色。它为蒙古族群众喜闻乐见。它的演员全是蒙古族人,它的表演全用蒙古语,由此可见,"呼图克沁"是地地道道的蒙古族民间艺术,尽管受多种文化影响,却改变不了它的这一本质。

＂Hutukeqin＂ （in Wulanzhao Village of Saliba County of Chifeng in Inner Mongolia） is the result of the multi-cultural communication among Exorcise, Shaman, Chama, Chinese and Mongolian cultures. Judging from its artistic features, Hutukeqin inherited the traditions of Exorcise dance of Shamanism of the Mongolian nationality, borrowed the useful elements from Buddhism Chama and Han Yangge. Therefore, it is the combination of Mongolian, Han and Tibetan cultures. Though Hutukeqin is influenced by cultures mentioned above, it maintains the features of Mongolian folk culture and is popular with the Mongolians for it is performed by Mongolians and in the Mongolian language. In one word, Hutukeqin is Mongolian folk art by nature.