价值的话语形成

Deliberative Formation of Value

当代存在的价值差异甚至冲突使得价值问题成为一个突出的问题。法兰克福学派第二代领军人物哈贝马斯和第三代新秀约亚斯对价值的话语形成进行了探索。对哈贝马斯来说,价值主要是在话语过程中形成的。人们在话语过程中提出彼此行为和关系的有效性要求,这种有效性能够在话语过程中获得人们的认可。话语和价值的密切关系对今天我们的价值论研究的重要启示在于:我们在一个语言学转向以后的哲学背景中谈论价值的主体性,这种主体性首先是以主体间性为基础的。

Distinctions in and disputes over value of existence make matters about value a prominent issue. Harbemas, vanguard of the second generation of Frankfurt School, and Joas, an outstanding rookie of the third generation of the school, both explored the deliberative formation of value. To Harbemas, value is formed in the course of discourse, in which people offer effective requirements for respective behaviour and relation, the effectiveness of which is in turn accepted in the course of discourse. Therefore, the significant inspiration of the close relationship between discourse and value to our present-day discussion on the theory of value is that we should show close concern with the subject in philosophic argumentation on value after the linguistic turn, which is the basement of subjectivity.