玉米杂交种遗传改良的自交系的鉴定

Identification of Inbreds for Improving Elite Maize Hybrids

以６个自交系为亲本进行双列杂交，通过配合力分析和供体种质显性等位基因相对数目ｕＧ′的分析，结果表明：ＨＺ３２，ＨＺ８５和Ｓ７９１３的产量一般配合力较好；ＭＯ１７，７７和Ｂ７３的产量一般配合力较差。ＨＺ８５和Ｓ７９１３中分别含有较多有利于改良ＭＯ１７×ＨＺ３２和ＭＯ１７×Ｂ７３产量的显性等位基因，且可用于对两单交种的亲本ＭＯ１７的回交改良。ＨＺ８５×Ｓ７９１３的产量和产量配合力最高，ＨＺ３２中含有较多对该单交种产量改良的有利显性基因，可用ＨＺ３２对Ｓ７９１３回交改良来实现。

The data from a diallel cross system among six corn inbreds were analysed by combining ability and relative number of dominant alleles(uG′) within donor lines. The results showed that HZ32, HZ85 and S7913 showed positive general combining abilities(GCA) on yield, whereas MO17,77 and B73 had negative effects. A great deal of favourable dominant alleles for improving the yield of MO17×HZ32, MO17 × B73 were revealed in HZ85 and S7913 respectively. Relationships between HZ85 and S7913 with MO17 were closer. HZ85×S7913 showed the highest yield and its total combining ability effect,large estimate value of dominant alleles(uG′) to be used for improving the elite hybred was included in inbred HZ32. The relationship between HZ32 and S7913 was closer, hence HZ32 could be used to improve inbred S7913 by backcross breeding program.