广州市居民健康相关行为及影响因素分析

Health behaviors and affecting factors among community residents in Guangzhou city

目的探讨广东省广州市居民健康相关行为及影响因素,为今后开展城市社区居民健康教育提供参考依据。方法采用按性别定额抽样的方法,对广州市422名15岁～的居民进行健康相关行为（吸烟、饮酒、体育锻炼、主动获取卫生保健知识）的问卷调查,其中社区居民200名,医院门诊患者222名。用χ^2检验和非条件Log istic回归进行影响因素分析。结果本调查吸烟者11.85%;饮酒者6.2%;常参加体育锻炼者59.72%;主动获取保健知识者66.10%。Log istic回归分析表明,在控制混杂因素后,性别是影响吸烟（OR=19.68,95%C I=7.37～52.60）、饮酒（OR=7.84,95%C I=2.61～23.59）、主动获取卫生保健知识（OR=2.05,95%C I=1.34～3.15）的主要因素;文化程度是影响吸烟（OR=0.42,95%C I=0.21～0.83）、体育锻炼的主要因素（OR=2.09,95%C I=0.31～0.73）;在业状况是影响体育锻炼（OR=0.61,95%C I=1.02～2.62）和主动获取卫生保健知识（OR=1.77,95%C I=1.08～2.90）的主要因素。结论本次调查对象健康行为与性别、文化程度、是否在业因素有关。

Objective To explore health related behaviors and affecting factors among community residents in Guangzhou city for conducting health education and health promotion in communities. Methods Overall 422 respondents aged 15 year or elder were surveyed, including 200 respondents from 3 communities and 222 outpatients from 4 hospitals. A questionnaire was used to collect information on health related behaviors such as smoking, alcohol drinking, regular aerobic exercise, and health knowledge. Chi-square test and logistic regression analysis were conducted to indentify factors affecting health behaviors. Results Logistic regression showed that when other factors were controlled,gender remained a significant risk factor affecting smoking（odd ratio[ OR] = 19. 68,95% CI =7.37 -52. 60） ,drinking（OR =7.84,95% CI =2. 61 -23.59） and active acquiring of health knowledge（ OR = 2. 05,95% CI = 1.34 - 3.15 ）. On the other hand,education was a significant risk factor for smoking （ OR = 0.42,95 % CI = 0. 21 - 0. 83 ）, and regular exercise （ OR = 2.09,95 % CI = 0. 31 - 0. 73 ）. Furthermore, occupation was a significant risk factor for regular exercises （ OR = 0. 61,95 % CI= 1.02 - 2. 62） and acquiring health knowledge （ OR = 1.77,95 % CI = 1.08 - 2. 90）. Conclusion Health bahavior is affected by gender, education and occupation among residents of Guangzhou city.