南宁市业余羽毛球运动人群慢性损伤原因分析

Chronic sport injuries among amateur Badminton players in Nanning city

目的了解广西南宁市参加业余羽毛球运动人群慢性损伤发生的情况和特点,分析身体素质与慢性损伤发生的关系及规律,探讨在业余羽毛球运动中防治慢性损伤的措施和方法。方法自制调查问卷,对南宁市217名业余羽毛球爱好者进行慢性损伤相关问卷调查。参照《2005国民体质监测工作手册》要求,用国民体质监测专用仪器,对全部调查对象的握力、背力、闭眼单腿站立,选择反应时,纵跳摸高,坐位体前屈等身体素质指标进行测试。采用SPSS 13.0软件进行统计分析。结果南宁市业余羽毛球运动中慢性损伤发生率较高,为28.6%;慢性损伤发生的原因居前4位分别为运动强度过大(64.5%)、准备活动不充分(59.7%)、技术动作不佳(24.2%)和身体素质不佳(24.5%);损伤部位以腰背(45.2%)、膝(30.6%)、足踝(29.0%)最为多见,肩部、肘、手腕部也是损伤好发部位,发生率分别为20.9%,12.9%和12.9%。结论业余羽毛球运动中慢性损伤的发生较常见,进行身体锻炼过程中缺乏科学、具体的指导,是业余羽毛球爱好者发生慢性损伤的主要原因;身体素质不佳,达不到技术动作要求是发生慢性损伤原因之一。

Objective To investigate chronic sport injury among amateur Badminton players in Nanning city for injury prevention. Methods Through physical fitness test and a questionnaire investigation among 217 amateur Badminton players,the relation between chronic sport injury and physical fitness was analyzed. Results 28.6% of the players had chronic sport injury during the exercise. The top three reasons for the injuries were too heavy intensity of the exercise （59. 7% ）, without sciential preparation（59. 7% ） ,and error perfomance（24. 5% ）. The major parts of body with chronic sport injury were waist（45.2% ）, knee （30. 6% ）, and the ankle （29. 0% ）. Conclusion The incidence rate of chronic sport injury among the amateur Badminton players of Nanning is high. Lacking advises is an important factor. Physical fitness has effect on chronic sport injury.