双酚A和对硝基酚对泥鳅的急性毒性效应

Acute toxicity effects of bisphenol A and p-nitrophenol to Misgurnus anguilli cadatus.

采用单因子急性毒性试验法及组织切片法,检测了双酚A(bisphenol A,BPA)和对硝基酚(p-nitrophenol,p-NP)对泥鳅(Misgurnus anguillicadatus)的急性毒性效应以及对鳃组织结构的破坏,统计了半数致死浓度(median lethal concentration,LC50)和安全浓度(safe concentration,SC)。结果表明:BPA对泥鳅24h、48h、72h、96hLC50分别为8.32、8.02、6.97、6.43mg.L-1,SC为2.24mg.L-1;p-NP对泥鳅24h、48h、72h、96hLC50分别为19.14、17.58、16.98、14.69mg.L-1,SC为4.40mg.L-1;HE染色结果显示,两种化学物质高浓度处理均使鳃小叶细胞脱落,鳃小叶变细;BPA与p-NP均为高毒性污染物,BPA比p-NP毒性更大,对泥鳅的毒性作用是随着体内积累浓度的增加、作用时间的延长而增强,并可造成鳃组织的严重受损。

By the methods of single factor toxicity test and histological observation, this paper studied the acute toxicity of bisphenol A （BPA） and p-nitrophenol （p-NP） to Misgurnus anguillicadatus and the histological changes of M. anguillicnclatus gill. The median lethal concentration （LC50） and safe concentration （SC） were calculated. The LC50 of BPA for 24, 48, 72, and 96 hours were 8. 32, 8. 02, 6. 97 and 6. 43 mg·L^-1, respectively, and the SC was 2. 24 mg·L^-1 ; while the mean LC50 values of p-NP for 24, 48, 72, and 96 hours were 19. 14, 17. 58, 16. 98, and 14. 69mg·L^-1, respectively, and the SC was 4. 40mg·L^-1. After exposed to BPA and p-NP, the cells of branchial leaflets fell off, and the branchial leaflets became thin. Both BPA and p-NP had high toxicity to M. anguillicadatus, and BPA had higher toxicity than p-NP. With the increasing concentration and exposure time of BPA and p-NP, their toxicity effects to M. anguillicadatus increased, and the damage on gill of M. anguillicadatus was more severe.