四川白鹅朗德鹅及杂交后代线粒体DNA多态研究

MITOCHONDRIAL DNA POLYMORPHISM OF SICHUAN WHITE GOOSE BREED FROM CHINA AND LANDISH GOOSE BREED FROM FRANCE AS WELL AS THEIR HYBRIDS

采用ＲＦＬＰ技术，对四川白鹅和朗德鹅及其杂交后代进行了线粒体ＤＮＡ（ｍｔＤＮＡ）多态分析。在所使用的１９种限制性内切酶中，有４个酶（ＥｃｏＲＶ、ＨａｅⅡ、ＨｉｎｃⅡ和ＫｐｎⅠ）检测出多态，共获得两种ｍｔＤＮＡ单倍型，四川白鹅和以四川白鹅为母本杂交后代的ｍｔＤＮＡ为Ⅰ型，朗德鹅的ｍｔＤＮＡ为Ⅱ型。以上结果为中国鹅和欧洲鹅存在两种不同起源学说提供了分子遗传学的证据。ＥｃｏＲＶ、ＨａｅⅡ、ＨｉｎｃⅡ和ＫｐｎⅠ四种限制性内切酶的两种限制性态型可以作为鉴别两种不同起源家鹅的母系分子遗传标记。线粒体ＤＮＡ在家鹅中也遵循严格的母系遗传。

Mitochondrial DNA restriction fragments length polymorphism (RFLP) of Sichuan white goose breed (Anser cygnoides domestics) from China and Landish goose breed (Anser anse domestics) from France as well as hybrids between them was investigated.In 19 restriction endonucleases used,four(Eco RV、Hae Ⅱ、Hinc Ⅱ、Kpn Ⅰ)produced polymorphic morphs.By combining all restriction morphs,two mtDNA haplotypes were found.Sichuan white breed and the hybrides with Sichuan mothers belonged to haplotype Ⅰ,and the Landish breed belonged to haplotype Ⅱ.Our results demonstrated that Chinese geese and European geese came from two different ancestors.The restriction morphs of Eco RV、Hae Ⅱ、Hinc Ⅱ、Kpn Ⅰ could be used as maternal genetic markers to distinguish the two types of domestic geese.Mitochondrial DNA of geese was also maternal inherited.