采用超临界技术制备高性能生物滤料的实验研究

Experimental study on higher adsorptive walnut shuck filtration prepared by supercritical extraction technique

采用超临界CO2萃取技术制备高性能的核桃壳滤料,考察了萃取温度、压力及时间对萃取效果的影响。实验结果表明,在萃取温度为45℃,萃取压力为35 MPa,萃取时间为2 h条件下,制备出的核桃壳滤料明显优于常规滤料,平均孔径2.62×10-7cm,比表面积高达9.30 m2/g,总孔容积6.1×10-3cm3/g,约为常规滤料的4倍。大大延长了滤料的运行周期和使用寿命,减少滤料的反冲洗次数,具有很好的节水和处理水的性能。实现了核桃壳的再生利用,达到了以废治废的目的,具有较高的经济效益和社会效益。

The walnut shuck filtration of excellent performance was made by supercritical carbon dioxide extraction. Effect of extraction temperature, pressure and time on extraction was investigated. The best con- ditions was obtained as follows：when extraction temperature was 45 ℃, extraction pressure was 35 MPa, extraction t/me was 2 h,the walnut shuck Filtration with 2. 62 ×10^-7 cm average hole diameter,9. 30 m2/g specific surface area and 6.1 ×10^-3 cm3/g bole volume could be got. At specific surface area and hole volume, the filtration made by supercritical carbon dioxide extraction is four times more than common fil- tration. So life-span of usage is delayed, the times of backwashing is reduced. As a result, the filtration has the capability of saving water and treating water. Reusing walnut shell achieved ＂ Using Waste Treat Waste＂, also it has good economic and social benefits.