专利与标准结合的福利效应分析

Welfare Effect Analysis on the Combination of Patents and Standards

从社会福利比较分析的角度来考察、评价专利与标准的结合对一国整体社会的潜在影响,进而对专利纳入标准过程中原则的制定提出相应对策。通过分析发现:(1)专利纳入标准后,其实施不应该具有强制性;(2)纳入标准的专利应首先选择能够大幅减少成本、降低造价的重大发明;(3)对于标准中的专利定价应当坚持合理性的原则;(4)标准中对专利产品或技术的引入应当坚持与时俱进原则,以尽可能降低因专利与标准的结合而导致对产业的垄断程度。

This paper is to investigate and appraise the potential social welfare effect for the combination of patent and standard from the perspective of comparative analysis, thus it puts forward the corresponding principles and measures for the process of patents incorporate into the standard. Through the analysis we found that：（ 1 ）patents into standards, its implementation should not be compulsive;（ 2 ）the highest priority should be given to the great inventions which can significantly reduce the cost and cut the prices;（3 ）the patents which are brought into standard should be priced reasonably;（4 ）the patent products or technologies introduced into standard should adjust reasonably with the times in order to reduce the degree of monopoly induced by the combination of patents and standards as far as possible.