膜下滴灌田间土壤水分时空变异规律研究

Spatial and Temporal Variability of Soil Moisture under Mulched Drip Irrigation

在新疆库尔勒市包头湖农场48 m×56 m的范围内,布置土壤水分监测点共计63个,采用经典统计和地统计方法进行了时空变异性分析。结果表明,每次灌水前,整个地块土壤含水率均符合正态分布,呈现中等变异性;沿毛管方向和沿支管方向的田间土壤含水率均呈中等程度的空间自相关性,变异性主要由随机因素引起,变程分别为30.7-37.9 m和10.5-14.2 m;随着时间的推移（灌水次数的增加）,土壤水分的空间变异性逐渐减弱,分布更趋均匀。因此,根据第1次灌水前田间土壤水分空间分布情况,设计的监测点布设方案可以满足其后各次灌水的墒情监测要求。

The spatial and temporal variability of soil moisture under mulched drip irrigation of cotton fields can provide guideline for the soil moisture monitoring program. A total of 63 soil moisture monitoring points in 48 m× 56 m （a branch controlsarea） were layout in Farm Baotou lake Korla, Xinjiang, China. The spatial and temporal variability of soil moisture were analyzed by traditional and geostatistical methods. The results indicated that, before each irrigation, distribution of soil moisture are normal, and it shows moderate variability; the field soil moisture were moderate spatial autocorrelation, under the direction of the capillary and branch pipe, the variable range is 30.7-37.9 m and 10.5-14.2 m respectively; the main variability is caused by random factors, with time pasted （irrigation times increased）, spatial variability of soil moisture is gradually weakened, and the distribution of soil moisture displays more uniform. Therefore, the soil moisture monitoring program of mulched drip irrigation of cotton fields can be designed by the spatial distribution of soil moisture before 1st irrigation.