玉米栽培因子与水分利用效率模型研究初探

Preliminary Study on Model of Cultural Factors and Water Utilization Efficiency of Maize

采用均匀试验设计和均匀设计极大值回归分析的方法,以先玉335为试验材料,研究了水肥等栽培因子对玉米水分利用效率的影响及其耦合效应。从多因素分析表明其影响顺序为:底钾(x5)>追氮(x6)>补水(x7)>密度(x2)>底氮(x3)>播期(x1)>追肥/补水生育期(x8)>底磷(x4)。在数学模型中,各栽培因子间耦合效应对玉米产量影响都达到了极显著水平,且在正效应中,底钾(x5)与追氮(x6)的耦合效应对玉米水分利用效率的影响最大。当播期为4月16日,密度为80959.6株/hm2,底施氮量为3.7 kg/hm2,底施磷量为1.2 kg/hm2,底施钾量为0.0056 kg/hm2,追施氮量为3.5 kg/hm2,补灌量为0.024 m3/hm2,在玉米6片展叶时追肥-补水,玉米水分利用效率达到理论最高值42.66 kg/(mm.hm2)。

The experiment was conducted to study the effect of water, fertilizer and other cultural factors on water utilization efficiency of maize and their coupling effect by uniform experiment design and uniform design maximum regression method using Xianyu335 as its experiment materials. By multiple factors analysis, the influence order is ： base potassium（x5 ） 〉nitrogen topdressing（x6 ） 〉 supplementary irrigation（x7 ） 〉 planting density （x2） 〉 base nit rogen （x3） 〉 sowing date （x1） 〉 growth stages of supplementary fertilizer and irrigation（x8）〉base phosphorus（x4）. In the mathematical model, the coupling effect between cultural factors on maize yield reach the very significant level, and the coupling effect between base potassium（x5） and nitrogen topdressing（x6）is the biggest on maize yield in all the positive effects. In the research bound of this experiment, the result is that when the sowing date is on 16th April; the planting density is 80959.6 strain/hm^2 ; the base nitrogen is 3.7 kg/hm^2 ; the base phosphorus is 1.2 kg/hm^2 ; the base potassium is 0. 0056 kg/hm^2 ; the nitrogen topdressing is 3.5 kg/hm^2 ; the supplementary irrigation is 0. 024 m^3/hm^2 the growth stages of supplementary fertilizer and irrigation is the sixth leaf expansion of maize; the water utiIization efficiency of maize achieves the highest theoretical value 42.66 kg/（mm · hm^2）.