跗线螨为害致茶树新梢挥发物组成的改变

Changes in composition of volatiles from shoots of Shuyong 808 and Sichuanzhongxiaoye cultivars resulted from damaging by Yellow Mites

为探讨西南茶区重要害螨茶跗线螨的为害是否诱导新梢释放挥发性互利素,取重庆和四川大面积种植的大叶种蜀永808和四川中小叶种1芽2叶茶梢,以SDE法抽提香精油,在提取的香精油和乙醚混合液中加入无水硫酸钠,静置,吸除水分,过滤,氮气吹扫浓缩,以GC-MS配合标准样品鉴定组分。从健康的和螨害的蜀永808挥发物中检出24和18个组分,螨害之后,水杨酸甲酯和苯甲醛的含量增为健康的3.29和2.45倍。从健康的和螨害的四川中小叶种挥发物中检出14和20种组分,螨害后水杨酸甲酯含量增为健康的3.09倍,螨害挥发物中检出反,反-α-法尼烯和反-β-罗勒烯。认为螨害改变了新梢挥发物的组成,释放出水杨酸甲酯和苯甲醛等互利素。

In order to probe into whether the damaging by Yellow Mite Polyphagotarsonemus latus induces synomones emitted from the fresh tea shoots, the tea shoots with 1 bud and 2 leaves of Shuyong 808 and Sichua-nzhongxiaoye cuhivars that have been growing on the reach of tea region of Chongqing City and Sichuan Province were plucked. The essential oil in tea shoots was extracted by SDE method, added into anhydrous sodium sulfate for removing water, filtrated, then concentrated by nitrogen flow. The components in the oils were identificated by retention time on GC coupled of Mass spectrum and peak enhancement on co-injection with authentic commercial samples. Twenty-four and eighteen components respective from intact and mite-damaged shoots of Shuyong 808 cultivar were detected. After mite damaging, the contents of methyl salicylate and benzaldehyde increased as much as 3.29 and 2.45 times of the original, respectively. Fourteen and twenty components respective from intact and mitedamaged shoots of Sichuanzhongxiaoye cuhivar were detected. After mite damaging, the contents of methyl salicylate increased as much as 3.09 times of the original, and in the mite-damaged shoots E,E-a-farnesene and E-β-ocimene was detected. It is considered that mite damaging alters the composition of volatiles of shoots, and the shoots release synomones, such as methyl salicylate and benzaldehyde.