无选择标记技术与转基因植物食品安全性

Selectable Marker-free Technique and Food Safety of Transgenic Plants

转基因技术已被公认为提高农作物产量、改良农产品品质的革命性技术。转基因食品已越来越多地进入人们的日常生活。目前植物转基因操作中广泛使用选择标记基因,如抗生素或除草剂抗性基因等来筛选转化子。虽然尚无研究表明选择标记基因会影响人类健康,但近年来人们对转基因植物安全性问题的担心日益严重。为了消除公众对选择标记基因引起的转基因植物安全性的顾虑以及向已转化的植物中重复叠加外源基因等问题,无选择标记技术应运而生。这种全新的安全性转基因技术有巨大的应用潜力。本文对6种主要的无标记转基因技术及其在转基因植物食品安全性控制领域的应用做一综述。

Transgenic technology is considered as revolutionary progress enhancing the agricultural crop yield and improving products quality, and transgenic food have more and more entering our daily life. In present, most of the transformants were still selected from the transgenie plants by the selectable marker genes such as antibiotic and herbi- cide resistance genes. There are no tangible evidence about the effect of the selectable marker genes on the human health so far, but more and more people worry about the security of transgenie plants. Marker-free is a rapidly developed method, aiming to eliminate the concerns about safety of selectable marker and stack transgenes into transgenic plants once than more, which significantly owns potential application value. The new advances of the marker-free techniques and its application on food safety control are reviewed in this paper.