摘要
建立二维潮波模式,模拟了台湾海峡及其邻近海域(18～30°N,110～130°E)八个主要分潮(M2、S2、K1、O1、P1、Q1、K2、N2),并利用中国大陆及环台湾岛20多个潮位站的实测资料进行验证,计算结果与实测值吻合良好。此外,给出了八个主要分潮的同潮图,并逐个讨论了潮汐特征。结果显示:(1)台湾海峡中的潮波运动是北部蜕化了的旋转潮波系统和南部的前进潮波系统共同作用的结果。(2)半日分潮南、北两支潮波在台湾海峡中部汇合,而全日分潮则在台湾海峡南部海域汇合后继续朝西南方向传播。(3)半日分潮振幅最高值发生在福建省湄洲湾—兴化湾一带,全日分潮最高值则出现在雷州半岛以东一带近岸海域。(4)N2、K2和O1、P1、Q1分潮的振幅、迟角分布分别同M2与K1分潮的整体分布趋势相似。
Diurnal and semi-diurnal tides in the Taiwan Strait and its adjacent areas are calculated by using a two-dimensional finite-difference model. Compared with data of more than 20 observation stations around the Taiwan Strait, the model-produced results agree quite well with those of previous researches using observational data from coastal tidal gauge stations. According to the results, the co-tidal and co-range charts are given. Furthermore, the characteristics of 8 major tidal constituents have been uminated respectively. The result shows that： （1） The tide motion can be attributed to the interaction between the degenerative rotary tidal system in the north and the progressive tidal system in the south. （2） The southward and northward tidal waves of semi-diurnal tide converge in the middle of the Taiwan Strait while the diurnal tidal waves propagate southwestward through the Taiwan Strait and the Luzon Strait. （3） The maximum amplitude of semi-diurnal tides exists at the area between the Meizhou Bay and Xinghua Bay, and that of diurnal tides appears in the region to the east of the Leizhou Peninsula, （4） The patterns of co-tidal and co-range charts of N2, K2 and P1, Q1 tidal constituents are similar to those of M2, S2 and K1 O1 tidat constituents, respectively
基金
supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under contract Nos. 40576015, 40810069004 and 40821063
by the key research project of Fujian Province under contract No. 2004N203
by the Fujian demonstrating region of the "863" Project of the Ministry of Science and Technology of China
