自我批评人格及其对社会适应的影响

A Review of the Research on Self-Criticism Personality

自我批评是人格社会化中形成的重要建构。作为一个人格维度,自我批评的概念是1974年由Blatt等人提出的。这一人格维度的特点是个体感到达不到自己的期望与标准,经常对自己进行批评和想象被别人责备等。该人格特征会影响个体的目标动机、人际关系和行为应对等方面。在经历压力事件时,高自我批评者容易发展成内射型抑郁。在水平高低及稳定性上,自我批评人格还存在着性别差异和东西方跨文化差异。

Self-criticism is a significant construction in personality socialization. The article reviews the research on it. As a personality structure, self-criticism was presented by Blatt in 1974. Individuals characterized by being self-critical engage in constant and harsh self-scrutiny and evaluation and have a chronic fear of being disapproved and criticized, and losing the approval and acceptance of significant others. Self-criticism predisposes individuals ＇to a certain form of depression in the face of stressful life events. And there are sex differences and cross-cultural differences in self-criticism.